diff --git a/src/compiler/checker.ts b/src/compiler/checker.ts
index bd2d5f99899bc..29846a33ec976 100644
--- a/src/compiler/checker.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/checker.ts
@@ -28684,6 +28684,20 @@ export function createTypeChecker(host: TypeCheckerHost): TypeChecker {
         return symbol.isAssigned || false;
     }
 
+    // Check if a parameter or catch variable (or their bindings elements) is assigned anywhere
+    function isSomeSymbolAssigned(rootDeclaration: Node) {
+        Debug.assert(isVariableDeclaration(rootDeclaration) || isParameter(rootDeclaration));
+        return isSomeSymbolAssignedWorker(rootDeclaration.name);
+    }
+
+    function isSomeSymbolAssignedWorker(node: BindingName): boolean {
+        if (node.kind === SyntaxKind.Identifier) {
+            return isSymbolAssigned(getSymbolOfDeclaration(node.parent as Declaration));
+        }
+
+        return some(node.elements, e => e.kind !== SyntaxKind.OmittedExpression && isSomeSymbolAssignedWorker(e.name));
+    }
+
     function hasParentWithAssignmentsMarked(node: Node) {
         return !!findAncestor(node.parent, node => (isFunctionLike(node) || isCatchClause(node)) && !!(getNodeLinks(node).flags & NodeCheckFlags.AssignmentsMarked));
     }
@@ -28867,7 +28881,7 @@ export function createTypeChecker(host: TypeCheckerHost): TypeChecker {
                         const parentType = getTypeForBindingElementParent(parent, CheckMode.Normal);
                         const parentTypeConstraint = parentType && mapType(parentType, getBaseConstraintOrType);
                         links.flags &= ~NodeCheckFlags.InCheckIdentifier;
-                        if (parentTypeConstraint && parentTypeConstraint.flags & TypeFlags.Union && !(rootDeclaration.kind === SyntaxKind.Parameter && isSymbolAssigned(symbol))) {
+                        if (parentTypeConstraint && parentTypeConstraint.flags & TypeFlags.Union && !(rootDeclaration.kind === SyntaxKind.Parameter && isSomeSymbolAssigned(rootDeclaration))) {
                             const pattern = declaration.parent;
                             const narrowedType = getFlowTypeOfReference(pattern, parentTypeConstraint, parentTypeConstraint, /*flowContainer*/ undefined, location.flowNode);
                             if (narrowedType.flags & TypeFlags.Never) {
@@ -28907,7 +28921,7 @@ export function createTypeChecker(host: TypeCheckerHost): TypeChecker {
                     const contextualSignature = getContextualSignature(func);
                     if (contextualSignature && contextualSignature.parameters.length === 1 && signatureHasRestParameter(contextualSignature)) {
                         const restType = getReducedApparentType(instantiateType(getTypeOfSymbol(contextualSignature.parameters[0]), getInferenceContext(func)?.nonFixingMapper));
-                        if (restType.flags & TypeFlags.Union && everyType(restType, isTupleType) && !isSymbolAssigned(symbol)) {
+                        if (restType.flags & TypeFlags.Union && everyType(restType, isTupleType) && !some(func.parameters, isSomeSymbolAssigned)) {
                             const narrowedType = getFlowTypeOfReference(func, restType, restType, /*flowContainer*/ undefined, location.flowNode);
                             const index = func.parameters.indexOf(declaration) - (getThisParameter(func) ? 1 : 0);
                             return getIndexedAccessType(narrowedType, getNumberLiteralType(index));
diff --git a/src/compiler/types.ts b/src/compiler/types.ts
index f430e27b8539d..9078270ee340d 100644
--- a/src/compiler/types.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/types.ts
@@ -5811,7 +5811,7 @@ export interface Symbol {
     /** @internal */ constEnumOnlyModule: boolean | undefined; // True if module contains only const enums or other modules with only const enums
     /** @internal */ isReferenced?: SymbolFlags; // True if the symbol is referenced elsewhere. Keeps track of the meaning of a reference in case a symbol is both a type parameter and parameter.
     /** @internal */ isReplaceableByMethod?: boolean; // Can this Javascript class property be replaced by a method symbol?
-    /** @internal */ isAssigned?: boolean;  // True if the symbol is a parameter with assignments
+    /** @internal */ isAssigned?: boolean; // True if the symbol is a parameter with assignments
     /** @internal */ assignmentDeclarationMembers?: Map<number, Declaration>; // detected late-bound assignment declarations associated with the symbol
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.errors.txt
index 58fda3e63d75f..f6e2dd3d42745 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.errors.txt
@@ -443,4 +443,35 @@ dependentDestructuredVariables.ts(431,15): error TS2322: Type 'number' is not as
 !!! error TS2322: Type 'number' is not assignable to type 'never'.
         }
     }
+    
+    // https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/56312
+    
+    function parameterReassigned1([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) {
+      if (Math.random()) {
+        x = 1;
+      }
+      if (y === 2) {
+        x; // 1 | 3
+      }
+    }
+    
+    function parameterReassigned2([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) {
+      if (Math.random()) {
+        y = 2;
+      }
+      if (y === 2) {
+        x; // 1 | 3
+      }
+    }
+    
+    // https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/pull/56313#discussion_r1416482490
+    
+    const parameterReassignedContextualRest1: (...args: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) => void = (x, y) => {
+      if (Math.random()) {
+        y = 2;
+      }
+      if (y === 2) {
+        x; // 1 | 3
+      }
+    }
     
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.js b/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.js
index ed1a7307e58b9..7d32808909bf7 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.js
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.js
@@ -434,6 +434,37 @@ function tooNarrow([x, y]: [1, 1] | [1, 2] | [1]) {
         const shouldNotBeOk: never = x;  // Error
     }
 }
+
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/56312
+
+function parameterReassigned1([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) {
+  if (Math.random()) {
+    x = 1;
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+    x; // 1 | 3
+  }
+}
+
+function parameterReassigned2([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) {
+  if (Math.random()) {
+    y = 2;
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+    x; // 1 | 3
+  }
+}
+
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/pull/56313#discussion_r1416482490
+
+const parameterReassignedContextualRest1: (...args: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) => void = (x, y) => {
+  if (Math.random()) {
+    y = 2;
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+    x; // 1 | 3
+  }
+}
 
 
 //// [dependentDestructuredVariables.js]
@@ -766,6 +797,32 @@ function tooNarrow([x, y]) {
         const shouldNotBeOk = x; // Error
     }
 }
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/56312
+function parameterReassigned1([x, y]) {
+    if (Math.random()) {
+        x = 1;
+    }
+    if (y === 2) {
+        x; // 1 | 3
+    }
+}
+function parameterReassigned2([x, y]) {
+    if (Math.random()) {
+        y = 2;
+    }
+    if (y === 2) {
+        x; // 1 | 3
+    }
+}
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/pull/56313#discussion_r1416482490
+const parameterReassignedContextualRest1 = (x, y) => {
+    if (Math.random()) {
+        y = 2;
+    }
+    if (y === 2) {
+        x; // 1 | 3
+    }
+};
 
 
 //// [dependentDestructuredVariables.d.ts]
@@ -916,3 +973,6 @@ declare class Client {
 declare const bot: Client;
 declare function fz1([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4] | [5]): void;
 declare function tooNarrow([x, y]: [1, 1] | [1, 2] | [1]): void;
+declare function parameterReassigned1([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]): void;
+declare function parameterReassigned2([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]): void;
+declare const parameterReassignedContextualRest1: (...args: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) => void;
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.symbols b/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.symbols
index 8d4298cdb12c9..ae71b255d1a88 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.symbols
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.symbols
@@ -1100,3 +1100,71 @@ function tooNarrow([x, y]: [1, 1] | [1, 2] | [1]) {
     }
 }
 
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/56312
+
+function parameterReassigned1([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) {
+>parameterReassigned1 : Symbol(parameterReassigned1, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 432, 1))
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 436, 31))
+>y : Symbol(y, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 436, 33))
+
+  if (Math.random()) {
+>Math.random : Symbol(Math.random, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --))
+>Math : Symbol(Math, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --), Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --), Decl(lib.es2015.core.d.ts, --, --), Decl(lib.es2015.symbol.wellknown.d.ts, --, --))
+>random : Symbol(Math.random, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --))
+
+    x = 1;
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 436, 31))
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+>y : Symbol(y, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 436, 33))
+
+    x; // 1 | 3
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 436, 31))
+  }
+}
+
+function parameterReassigned2([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) {
+>parameterReassigned2 : Symbol(parameterReassigned2, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 443, 1))
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 445, 31))
+>y : Symbol(y, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 445, 33))
+
+  if (Math.random()) {
+>Math.random : Symbol(Math.random, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --))
+>Math : Symbol(Math, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --), Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --), Decl(lib.es2015.core.d.ts, --, --), Decl(lib.es2015.symbol.wellknown.d.ts, --, --))
+>random : Symbol(Math.random, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --))
+
+    y = 2;
+>y : Symbol(y, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 445, 33))
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+>y : Symbol(y, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 445, 33))
+
+    x; // 1 | 3
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 445, 31))
+  }
+}
+
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/pull/56313#discussion_r1416482490
+
+const parameterReassignedContextualRest1: (...args: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) => void = (x, y) => {
+>parameterReassignedContextualRest1 : Symbol(parameterReassignedContextualRest1, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 456, 5))
+>args : Symbol(args, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 456, 43))
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 456, 80))
+>y : Symbol(y, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 456, 82))
+
+  if (Math.random()) {
+>Math.random : Symbol(Math.random, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --))
+>Math : Symbol(Math, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --), Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --), Decl(lib.es2015.core.d.ts, --, --), Decl(lib.es2015.symbol.wellknown.d.ts, --, --))
+>random : Symbol(Math.random, Decl(lib.es5.d.ts, --, --))
+
+    y = 2;
+>y : Symbol(y, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 456, 82))
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+>y : Symbol(y, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 456, 82))
+
+    x; // 1 | 3
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(dependentDestructuredVariables.ts, 456, 80))
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.types b/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.types
index 25f18a848374b..0480bb1631c62 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.types
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/dependentDestructuredVariables.types
@@ -1263,3 +1263,87 @@ function tooNarrow([x, y]: [1, 1] | [1, 2] | [1]) {
     }
 }
 
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/56312
+
+function parameterReassigned1([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) {
+>parameterReassigned1 : ([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) => void
+>x : 1 | 3
+>y : 2 | 4
+
+  if (Math.random()) {
+>Math.random() : number
+>Math.random : () => number
+>Math : Math
+>random : () => number
+
+    x = 1;
+>x = 1 : 1
+>x : 1 | 3
+>1 : 1
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+>y === 2 : boolean
+>y : 2 | 4
+>2 : 2
+
+    x; // 1 | 3
+>x : 1 | 3
+  }
+}
+
+function parameterReassigned2([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) {
+>parameterReassigned2 : ([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) => void
+>x : 1 | 3
+>y : 2 | 4
+
+  if (Math.random()) {
+>Math.random() : number
+>Math.random : () => number
+>Math : Math
+>random : () => number
+
+    y = 2;
+>y = 2 : 2
+>y : 2 | 4
+>2 : 2
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+>y === 2 : boolean
+>y : 2 | 4
+>2 : 2
+
+    x; // 1 | 3
+>x : 1 | 3
+  }
+}
+
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/pull/56313#discussion_r1416482490
+
+const parameterReassignedContextualRest1: (...args: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) => void = (x, y) => {
+>parameterReassignedContextualRest1 : (...args: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) => void
+>args : [1, 2] | [3, 4]
+>(x, y) => {  if (Math.random()) {    y = 2;  }  if (y === 2) {    x; // 1 | 3  }} : (x: 1 | 3, y: 2 | 4) => void
+>x : 1 | 3
+>y : 2 | 4
+
+  if (Math.random()) {
+>Math.random() : number
+>Math.random : () => number
+>Math : Math
+>random : () => number
+
+    y = 2;
+>y = 2 : 2
+>y : 2 | 4
+>2 : 2
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+>y === 2 : boolean
+>y : 2 | 4
+>2 : 2
+
+    x; // 1 | 3
+>x : 1 | 3
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.symbols b/tests/baselines/reference/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.symbols
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..7c22602f09ac9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.symbols
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//// [tests/cases/compiler/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts] ////
+
+=== narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts ===
+function ff({ a, b }: { a: string | undefined, b: () => void }) {
+>ff : Symbol(ff, Decl(narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts, 0, 0))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts, 0, 13))
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts, 0, 16))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts, 0, 23))
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts, 0, 46))
+
+  if (a !== undefined) {
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts, 0, 13))
+>undefined : Symbol(undefined)
+
+    b = () => {
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts, 0, 16))
+
+      const x: string = a;
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts, 3, 11))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts, 0, 13))
+    }
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.types b/tests/baselines/reference/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.types
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..16ddc0c8ad1ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.types
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//// [tests/cases/compiler/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts] ////
+
+=== narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts ===
+function ff({ a, b }: { a: string | undefined, b: () => void }) {
+>ff : ({ a, b }: {    a: string | undefined;    b: () => void;}) => void
+>a : string | undefined
+>b : () => void
+>a : string | undefined
+>b : () => void
+
+  if (a !== undefined) {
+>a !== undefined : boolean
+>a : string | undefined
+>undefined : undefined
+
+    b = () => {
+>b = () => {      const x: string = a;    } : () => void
+>b : () => void
+>() => {      const x: string = a;    } : () => void
+
+      const x: string = a;
+>x : string
+>a : string
+    }
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/tests/cases/compiler/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts b/tests/cases/compiler/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..3f88e085c31cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/compiler/narrowRefinedConstLikeParameterBIndingElementNameInInnerScope.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// @strict: true
+// @noEmit: true
+
+function ff({ a, b }: { a: string | undefined, b: () => void }) {
+  if (a !== undefined) {
+    b = () => {
+      const x: string = a;
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/tests/cases/conformance/controlFlow/dependentDestructuredVariables.ts b/tests/cases/conformance/controlFlow/dependentDestructuredVariables.ts
index 7b18bec96103b..67bce5559e9cf 100644
--- a/tests/cases/conformance/controlFlow/dependentDestructuredVariables.ts
+++ b/tests/cases/conformance/controlFlow/dependentDestructuredVariables.ts
@@ -436,3 +436,34 @@ function tooNarrow([x, y]: [1, 1] | [1, 2] | [1]) {
         const shouldNotBeOk: never = x;  // Error
     }
 }
+
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/56312
+
+function parameterReassigned1([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) {
+  if (Math.random()) {
+    x = 1;
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+    x; // 1 | 3
+  }
+}
+
+function parameterReassigned2([x, y]: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) {
+  if (Math.random()) {
+    y = 2;
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+    x; // 1 | 3
+  }
+}
+
+// https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/pull/56313#discussion_r1416482490
+
+const parameterReassignedContextualRest1: (...args: [1, 2] | [3, 4]) => void = (x, y) => {
+  if (Math.random()) {
+    y = 2;
+  }
+  if (y === 2) {
+    x; // 1 | 3
+  }
+}